This week’s London Summit brings together the leaders of the world’s 20 largest economic powers, known as the Group of 20, to discuss the global financial crisis and decide new measures to set the world on a more stable economic footing.
British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, who hosts Thursday’s talks, has set a bold agenda for this year’s summit, calling on governments to sign up to a “global deal” to haul the world out of the crisis triggered by the collapse of the banking system. “We need a global New Deal — a grand bargain between the countries and continents of this world — so that the world economy can not only recover but… so the banking system can be based on… best principles,” Brown said at a pre-summit meeting of European leaders last month. Since it first convened in 1999, the G-20 has traditionally been a gathering of finance ministers. But Thursday’s meeting will bring together heads of state and government following the precedent set at last November’s gathering in Washington DC in response to the scale of the economic meltdown.
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The G-20 brings together the world’s seven leading industrialized nations — the U.S., Japan, Germany, France, the UK, Italy and Canada, also known as the G-7 — and the world’s largest developing world economies: China, Russia, India and Brazil. Other members are Australia, Turkey, Indonesia, South Korea, Argentina, Mexico, South Africa, Saudi Arabia and Indonesia. Spain and the Netherlands have also been invited to participate. The European Union is also admitted, representing member states without a seat at the summit table. Collectively, the G-20 accounts for around 85 percent of global economic output. Brown has called on world leaders to resist embracing “protectionism” and commit to a coordinated three-pronged strategy to rebuild the economy: to take whatever action is necessary to stabilize financial markets and enable families and businesses to get through the recession to reform and strengthen the global financial and economic system to restore confidence and trust to put the global economy on track for sustainable growth
The G20 EconomiesArgentina Australia Brazil Canada China European Union*France Germany India Indonesia Italy Japan Mexico Russia Saudi Arabia South Africa South Korea Turkey United Kingdom United States Invited participants: Netherlands Spain* The EU represents member states not already directly included
But Brown faces a challenge persuading other leaders to sign up to his full list of proposals. Watch what leaders hope to achieve » German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who has already rejected calls for further public money to be spent on economic stimulus packages, has dampened expectations for the summit, saying over the weekend that the economy could not be fixed in a day. “We are talking about building a new global financial market architecture and we will not be able to finish this in London,” Merkel said in an interview with the Financial Times. The summit marks U.S. President Barack Obama’s first major appearance on the international stage. As the head of the world’s largest economy, the outcome of the summit will likely depend on Brown’s abilities to persuade Obama to back his proposals. Obama has already been forced to play down an apparent rift with European leaders over his stimulus plan to haul the U.S. out of recession, which the Czech Prime Minister, Mirek Topolanek, who will represent the EU at the G-20, described as a “road to hell.” In an article published in newspapers around the world, Obama urged leaders to work together and embrace bold measures.
“We are living through a time of global economic challenges that cannot be met by half measures or the isolated efforts of any nation,” Obama wrote. “Now, the leaders of the Group of 20 have a responsibility to take bold, comprehensive and coordinated action that not only jump-starts recovery, but also launches a new era of economic engagement to prevent a crisis like this from ever happening again.”
